0 3@>H ?OB0:>2.

Crusoe, 08-2011

 

 

>72>;N A515 2>>1@078BL 20A, 4>@>3>9 G8B0B5;L, 2 7>;>B>< 25:5 :0B5@8=K; 2 4=8 ;5:A0=4@>20 ?@5:@0A=>3> =0G0;0; 2 =045645 A;02K 8 4>1@0 ?5@2>3> ?5@8>40 8:>;0520 F0@AB2>20=8O.

5A;8 157 70B59, B> 2K 682QB5 <564C 1767 8 1839 3>4><, 2 AB>;8F5. , @53C;O@=>, ?>CB@C, 2KE>48B5 87 4>1K :C?8BL 1 (>48=) ?C4 <548 ?> F5=0< !-1. 18@68.

45=L38 C 20A B>;L:> <54=K5 8 GB> A B>3>? "0:0O 20H0 ?@8GC40, 8 MB> 2?>;=5 70:>==K5 45=L38.

K 2KH;8, :C?8;8 ?C4 <548 70 <54=K5 45=L38, 25@=C;8AL 4><>9, 8 @07;L:> <54=KE @C1;59 <>6=> =045;0BL 87 :C?;5==>3> 20<8 70 <54=K5 @C1;8 ?C40 <548? 5ABL ;8 2 MB>< A

> 2@5<5=8 02;0 40.

 

>4

&5=0 ?C40 <548, @.<54=., !-1. 18@60.

>=5B=0O AB>?0 (A:>;L:> <54=KE @C1;59 G5:0=8;>AL 87 ?C40 <548, >A=>2=K5 2K?CA:8)

K3>40 ?>:C?0B5;O, 5A;8 >= 70=O;AO 1K 873>B>2;5=85< <54=KE @C1;59 87 :C?;5==>3> 70 <54=K5 @C1;8 ?C40 <548 (01A 25;8G8=0 / ?@>F5=B ?@81K;8)

1767

7,65@.

16

8,35@. / 109,15%

1769

8,08@.

16

7,92@. / 98,00%

1775

10,00@.

16

6,00@. / 60,00%

1777

10,10@.

16

5,90@. / 58,40%

1785

10,00@.

16

6,00@. / 60,00%

1795

15,92@.

16

0,08@. / 0,53%

1800

20,75@.

16

-4,75@. / -22,91%

 

1767 3>4C G5:0=:0 40;0 1K 20< ?@81K;L 2 109%, => : 1800 3>4C 45;> O2=> AB0=>28;>AL =52K3>4=K< 8 4065 70B@0B=K<. ?>A;5 1800 3>40 20< AB>8;> ?>4C<0BL =5 > G5:0=:5 <>=5B, => =0>1>@>B <54L 70 <54L =5 ?>:C?0BL, => A?;028BL A>1AB25==K5 <54=K5 45=L38 2 A;8B>: 8 ?@>40BL 53> ?> F5=5 <5B0;;0.

 

>4

&5=0 ?C40 <548, @.<54=., !-1. 18@60

!:>;L:> <54=KE @C1;59 <>6=> =0G5:0=8BL 87 ?C40 <548, :C?;5==>3> 70 <54=K5 65 @C1;8?

K3>40 ?>:C?0B5;O, 5A;8 >= 70=O;AO 1K 873>B>2;5=85< <54=KE @C1;59 87 :C?;5==>3> 70 <54=K5 @C1;8 ?C40 <548 (01A 25;8G8=0 / ?@>F5=B ?@81K;8)

K3>40 ?>:C?0B5;O, 5A;8 >= =5 ?>:C?0; 1K <54L, => @0A?;028; 1K ?C4 A>1AB25==KE <54=KE @C1;59 8 ?@>40; 1K 8E :0: ?C4 <548.

1800

20,75@.

16,00@.

-4,75@. / -22,91%

4,75@. / 22,91%

1801

19,42@.

16,00@.

 

3,42@. / 17,62%

1802

21,00@.

16,00@.

 

5,00@. / 23,81%

1803

23,19@.

16,00@.

 

7,19@. / 31,02%

1804

22,92@.

16,00@.

 

6,92@. / 30,20%

1805

23,47@.

16,00@.

 

7,47@. / 31,82%

1806

24,59@.

16,00@.

 

8,59@. / 34,94%

1807

27,33@.

16,00@.

 

11,33@. / 41,46%

1808

29,10@.

16,00@.

 

13,10@. / 45,02%

1809

24,23@.

16,00@.

 

8,23@. / 33,97%

 

 

 

 

 

1810

52,52@.

24,00@.

 

28,52@. / 54,30%

1811

35,27@.

24,00@.

 

11,27@. / 31,94%

1812

36,11@.

24,00@.

 

12,11@. / 33,54%

1813

30,16@.

24,00@.

 

6,16@. / 20,42%

1814

40,50@.

24,00@.

 

16,50@. / 40,74%

1815

44,70@.

24,00@.

 

20,70@. / 46,31%

1816

39,08@.

24,00@.

 

15,08@. / 38,59%

1820

30,92@.

24,00@.

 

6,92@. / 22,37%

1821

31,96@.

24,00@.

 

7,96@. / 24,90%

1822

29,56@.

24,00@.

 

5,56@. / 18,81%

1823

31,82@.

24,00@.

 

7,82@. / 24,57%

1824

33,36@.

24,00@.

 

9,36@. / 28,05%

1825

35,98@.

24,00@.

 

11,98@. / 33,31%

1826

36,53@.

24,00@.

 

12,53@. / 34,30%

1827

35,62@.

24,00@.

 

11,62@. / 32,63%

1828

33,66@.

24,00@.

 

9,66@. / 28,70%

1829

33,13@.

24,00@.

 

9,13@. / 27,56%

1830

33,18@.

24,00@.

 

9,18@. / 27,67%

 

A 1831 3>40 2;0AB8 2 >G5@54=>9 @07 87<5=8;8 <>=5B=CN AB>?C, =0G0;8 G5:0=8BL ?> 36 @C1;59 87 ?C40 <548, 8 873>B>2;5=85 <54=>9 <>=5BK 2 4><0H=8E CA;>28OE >?OBL AB0;> ?@81K;L=K< 45;><&.

 

>4

&5=0 ?C40 <548, @.<54=., !-1. 18@60

!:>;L:> <54=KE @C1;59 <>6=> =0G5:0=8BL 87 ?C40 <548, :C?;5==>3> 70 <54=K5 65 @C1;8?

K3>40 ?>:C?0B5;O, 5A;8 >= 70=O;AO 1K 873>B>2;5=85< <54=KE @C1;59 87 :C?;5==>3> 70 <54=K5 @C1;8 ?C40 <548 (01A 25;8G8=0 / ?@>F5=B ?@81K;8)

K3>40 ?>:C?0B5;O, 5A;8 >= =5 ?>:C?0; 1K <54L, => @0A?;028; 1K ?C4 A>1AB25==KE <54=KE @C1;59 8 ?@>40; 1K 8E :0: ?C4 <548.

1831

32,45@.

36,00@.

3,55@. / 10,93%

-3,55@. / -10,93%

1832

31,85@.

36,00@.

4,15@. / 13,03%

 

1833

31,43@.

36,00@.

4,57@. / 14,53%

 

1834

33,62@.

36,00@.

2,38@. / 7,07%

 

1835

34,79@.

36,00@.

1,21@. / 3,47%

 

1836

35,40@.

36,00@.

0,60@. / 1,71%

 

1837

36,11@.

36,00@.

-0,11@. / -0,31%

0,11@. / 0,31%

1838

42,64@.

36,00@.

 

6,64@. / 15,58%

1839

39,89@.

36,00@.

 

3,89@. / 9,74%

 

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5@5<5AB8G5<, 87 3>@=>9 (>B;0=488 2 5B5@1C@3. ?CABL =0< 1C45B C3>4=> 70:070BL 2 3>@>45 >=4>=5 =0 1000 @C1;59 H;O?=KE 1C;02>:. AB5AB25==>, :>=B@035=B :C?5F 6>= >C =5 E>G5B @CAA:8E 1C<06=KE 45=53 - >= A>3;0A5= =0 @CAA:85 A5@51@O=K5 @C1;8. > 70 <>@5< B5;CH:0 ?>;CH:0, 40 @C1;L ?5@52>7 GB>1K 4>AB028BL AC=4CG>: A A5@51@O=K<8 45=L30<8 87 @E0=35;LA:0 2 >=4>= =C6=> ?>B@0B8BLAO =0 ?@>2>7 8 =0 ?@>574 <>;>4F0 A ?8AB>;5B>< ?@8 F5==>< 3@C75 ?CABL MB> 5 @C1;59. !>>B25BAB25==>, < >C @0A?8A:C =0 1 000 @C1;59 A> A@>:>< >?;0BK 3 <5AOF0. >C, ?>;CG82 @0A?8A:C, =5 64QB =8:0:>3> A@>:0, 0 ?@>40QB 5Q :C?FC >C B> :C?8BL 2 >AA88 2>A:C =0 1 000, C :C?F0 >A:>1>9=8:>20. !>>B25BAB25==>, >A:>1>9=8:>2 ?>;CG05B >B >C =0HC @0A?8A:C 8, 70B5<, 45=L38 1;03> >18B05B ?> A>A54AB2C, 2 5B5@1C@35. # MB>9 @0A?8A:8 5ABL >A>1>5 8=0 =07K205BAO 25:A5;5<.

CABL B>@3>2;O >AA88 8 =3;88 0AA8<5B@8G=0, 8 =3;8O 2 A>2>:C?=>AB8 4>;6=0 >AA88 1>;LH5, =565;8 ?>:@K205BAO M:A?>@B><. ">340 2 >=4>=5 =54>AB0B>: @CAA:8E 25:A5;59, :C?FC >C ?@84QBAO ?>8A:0BL 25:A5;L 4;O @0AGQB0 A >A:>1>9=8:>2K<, 8 >= :C?8B 53> C65 =5 0;L?0@8, => 70 1004 @C1;O 70 1003 =8:B> =5 ?@>40AB, 0 70 1005 >= >B?@028B 2 5B5@1C@3 7>;>B>. -B>B :C@A (100,4%) =07K205BAO 25:A5;L=K< :C@A><. 5:A5;L=K9 :C@A 5IQ >4=0 C65 G5B2Q@B0O - AB>8<>ABL <5B0;;8G5A:>9 <>=5BK ?@8 <5B0;;8G5A:>< >1@0I5=88 8 A2O70= >= 8<5==> A <0B5@80;>< <>=5BK BO6Q;K< 8 4>@>38< <5B0;;><. !2O70=, => =5 8AG5@?K205BAO 5A;8 C >AA88 =5?@8OB=>AB8 A 0?>;5>=><, >C AB> @07 ?>4C<05B, ?@8=8<0BL ;8 =0H 25:A5;L, 0 >C ?@54?>GBQB >1>640BL A> A45;:>9 8 25:A5;L=K9 :C@A @C1;O C?04QB C65 =5 45AOBK5 4>;8 (>1KG=0O AB>8<>ABL ?5@52>70 <5B0;;0), 0 =0 45AOB:8 ?@>F5=B>2. >>1I5, 3;O4O =0 >4=8 B>;L:> :@82K5 25:A5;L=>3> :C@A0 <>6=> 157>H81>G=> =09B8 2@5<5==K5 B>G:8 :0:8E-B> ?>;8B8G5A:8E 8;8 M:>=><8G5A:8E A>1KB89 8 4065 :0B0:;87<>2.

=0G0;5 1884 3. :C@A ?040; 4> 23 9/32 % ?. (39,5% =865 ?0@8B5B0), => 2 :>=F5 3>40 =5A:>;L:> ?>2KH0;AO 8 =0G0;> MB>3> ?>2KH5=8O A>2?0405B A> A2840=85< @>2 2 !:5@=528F0E (5 A5=BO1@O). ?>A;54CNI85 B@8 3>40 :C@A, 2 >1I5<, ?@>4>;60; ?>=860BLAO 8 ?0@0;;5;L=> A MB8< >B<5B8< A;54CNI85 A>1KB8O: 18 <0@B0 1885 3. 1>8 ?@8 CH:5, 6 A5=BO1@O B>3> 65 3>40 ?5@52>@>B 2 >;30@88, A5@1A:>-1>;30@A:0O 2>9=0, 9 023CAB0 1886 3. =87;>65=85 0BB5=15@30, 27 D52@0;O 1887 3. 70:>= > A5?B5==0B5 , 6 =>O1@O A2840=85 @0 ;5:A0=4@0 III A 8;L35;L<>< I, ?>A;5 :>B>@>3> 4065 2 >D8F80;L=>9 ?@5AA5 2KA:07K20;8AL >?0A5=8O 70 2>7<>6=>ABL 2>9=K. O=20@5 1888 3.:C@A ?040; =865 G5< :>340 ;81> (19 5/32 %. 8;8 50,1% =865 ?0@8B5B0) 8 AB>O; >G5=L =87:> 2?;>BL 4> 023CAB0 8 MB> ?>=865=85 A>2?0405B: A 70:;NG5=85< 5@<0=859 2 O=20@5 =>2>3> 709<0 =0 2>5==K5 F5;8, >1=0@>4>20=85< B@0:B0B0 1879 3. > 70:;NG5=88 <564C 2AB@859 8 5@<0=859 >1>@>=8B5;L=>3> A>N70, 25 O=20@O 1K;0 ?@>87=5A5=0 7=0<5=8B0O @5GL 8A<0@:0, :>=G02H0OAO A;>20<8: «83> :@><5 >30», 0 26 D52@0;O ?>A;54>20;0 :>=G8=0 @0 8;L35;L<0. > 7 8N;O A>AB>O;AO ?@8574 2 >AA8N 8;L35;L<0 II 8 2A;54 70 B5< :C@A A@07C ?>4=O;AO, B0: GB> :>;510=8O 53> 2 MB>< 3>4C 4>AB83;8 =51K20;>9 25;8G8=K - 36,4%. {[5]}

B0:, 8<>AB8 <5B0;;8G5A:>9 <>=5BK, :>B>@K5 A2O70=K A 4C0;L=>9 ?@8@>4>9 B>20@=KE 45=53 01AB@0:B=0O F8D@0 =0 025@A5 8 F5==K9 <0B5@80;. 20 MB8E A2>9AB20 ?@>B82>@5G82K; <>6=> A:070BL, >=8 >BG0O==> A?>@OB <564C A>1>9. !>2@5<5==K5 45=L38 A>25@H5==> ;8H5=K MB>3> >1>;LAB8B5;L=>3> :0G5AB20.

 

KH5 O 3>2>@8; > A8BC0F88, :>340 =><8=0; <54=>9 <>=5BK 1K; =865 5Q 2=CB@5==53> 4>AB>8=AB20, B> 5ABL :>340 1K;> 2K3>4=> A?;02;OBL <>=5BC 2 A;8B:8. 5157K=B5@5A=>, GB> MB8 ?5@5?;02:8 CE>48;8 =0& 873>B>2;5=85 :>B;>2 4;O 28=>:C@5=8O.

& 5AB5AB25==K< A;54AB285< B0:>3> ?>;>65=8O 45; 1K; :>=B@010=4=K9 2K2>7 <>=5BK 70 3@0=8FC 8 ?5@5;82:0 5Q 2 45;> =0 <5AB5. "0:>5 C?>B@51;5=85 45=53, >G5284=>, ?@54AB02;O;> 7=0G8B5;L=K5 2K3>4K, :>340 ?C4 <548 2 <>=5B5 >1E>48;AO 2 11 @. 96 :>?., 0 2 HB>:0E 2 18 @. 40 :. 70 3@0=8F5N 8 2 >AA88 <54L H;0 ?@58 =0 873>B>2;5=85 28=>:C@5==KE :>B;>2, =0 :>B>@KE =5@54:> <>6=> 1K;> 4065 @073;O45BL G5:0= <>=5BK. {[6]}

"0:, <54=0O <>=5B:0, AB02 A=>20 <5B0;;><, CAB@5<;O;0AL 2 =082K3>4=59HCN >1;0ABL G5;>25G5A:>9 45OB5;L=>AB8, 2 28=>:C@5=85, 8I0 <0:A8<0;L=CN =>@=><8G5A:85 70:>=><5@=>AB8 2AQ 65 ACI5AB2CNB E>BO B5?5@L <>4=> 45:;0@8@>20BL 8=>5 <=5=85.



[1].0<0=A:89, AB>@8G5A:89 >G5@: 45=56=>3> >1@0I5=8O 2 >AA88 A 1650-1817 // !1>@=8: AB0B8AB8G5A:8E A2545=89 > >AA88 8740==K9 !B0B8AB8G5A:8< >B45;5=85< @A:>3> @CAA:>3> 35>3@0D8G5A:>3> >1I5AB20, :=86:0 II. !-1., 1854. ! 80 8 A;.

[2] KA>G09H5 CB25@645==K9 4>:;04 8=8AB@0 $8=0=A>2, @0D0 C@L520. A?;02:5 8 ?@>4065 <54=>9 <>=5BK AB0@>3> G5:0=0. 3 A5=BO1@O 1821 3>40. // : 5;. =. 5>@389 8E09;>28G, >=5BK F0@AB2>20=8O 8 @0 ;5:A0=4@0 I, !-1., 1891, !. 63.

[3] !5=0BA:89 C:07. =5?@>872>645=88 2 45@52=OE K1>@3A:>9 C15@=88 ;8B59=>3> <0AB5@AB20, 2> 871560=85 ?>445;:8 <>=5BK. // : 5;. =. 5>@389 8E09;>28G, >=5BK F0@AB2>20=8O 8 II, !-1., 1894, B. 1, !. 106.

[4] KA>G09H5 CB25@645==>5 ?>;>65=85 ><8B5B0 8=8AB@>2. 1 >1<5=5 <54=>9 <>=5BK AB0@>3> G5:0=0 =0 =>2CN 8;8 0AA83=0F88. // : 5;. =. 5>@389 8E09;>28G, >=5BK F0@AB2>20=8O 8 @0 ;5:A0=4@0 I, !-1., 1891, !. 69.

[5] .0H:0@>2, 5=56=>5 >1@0I5=85 2 >AA88, !-1 1898, B 1 ! 175-176.

[6] .(B>@E, 0B5@80;K 4;O 8AB>@88 3>AC40@AB25==KE 45=56=KE 7=0:>2 2 >AA88, , G0ABL CXXXVII, !-1 1868, ! 789

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